Consider the following statements about probability: 1. For any two events, P(A∪B) ≤ P(A) + P(B). 2. If A ⊆ B, then P(A) ≤ P(B). 3. For independent events, P(A|B) = P(A). Which of the above is/are correct?
Explanation:
Yule's Q = [(AB)(αβ) - (Aβ)(αB)] / [(AB)(αβ) + (Aβ)(αB)]; if the denominator is zero (all cells zero or impossible configuration), Q is undefined, though this rarely occurs in real data.
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