The phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles relax and fill with blood is called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms, characterized by the absence of a true, membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms, possessing a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and can be unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (molds, mushrooms). Viruses are acellular, non-cellular entities; they consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat (capsid) and lack any cellular structure or independent metabolic machinery. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the nuclear envelope—organelles that coordinate membrane flow and protein processing. Mitochondria (and chloroplasts) are not part of this system because they are semi-autonomous, arising from endosymbiosis, and are not connected by vesicle trafficking. Peroxisomes are sometimes considered associated but not part of the ER-derived system.

Explanation:
Meiosis I features crossing over (prophase I) and independent assortment of homologous chromosomes, creating genetic diversity in gametes. Mitosis produces identical cells, binary fission is asexual, fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction.