The vector used for introducing foreign genes into monocot plants is often:
A. Particle bombardment (gene gun)
B. Ti plasmid
C. Bacteriophage lambda
D. Cosmid
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Monocots are less susceptible to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using Ti plasmid. Therefore, direct gene transfer methods like particle bombardment (biolistics) are commonly used. The gene gun shoots DNA-coated gold or tungsten particles into plant cells. Ti plasmid works well for dicots. Bacteriophage and cosmids are for bacterial cloning.
Explanation:
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates the enzyme 1-α-hydroxylase in the kidney, converting vitamin D to its active form, which then increases calcium absorption.
Explanation:
Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid pigment found in brown algae (Phaeophyceae) that gives them their characteristic brown or olive-green color, masking the green chlorophyll. Phycoerythrin is red (red algae), phycocyanin blue (cyanobacteria, some red algae). Brown algae include kelps and Fucus.
Explanation:
Natural killer (NK) cells were discovered in the 1970s by Rolf Kiessling and others. They are part of innate immunity, killing virus-infected and tumor cells.
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