Biofuels are derived from: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Biofuels are derived from:

A. Nuclear reactions

B. Minerals

C. Biological materials (plants, waste)

D. Fossil fuels

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Biofuels are produced from biomass—recently living organisms or their metabolic byproducts. Examples: ethanol from sugarcane/corn, biodiesel from vegetable oils, biogas from organic waste. They are renewable and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels. However, large-scale production may compete with food crops. Algae-based biofuels are also being researched.

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Question #1

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Latent heat of fusion is defined as the heat required to:

A. Change 1 kg of gas to liquid at its condensation point.

B. Change 1 kg of solid to liquid at its melting point.

C. Change 1 kg of liquid to gas at its boiling point.

D. Raise the temperature of 1 kg of solid by 1°C.

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of a solid into a liquid at atmospheric pressure and its melting point, without any change in temperature. Option B describes latent heat of vaporization, while C describes specific heat capacity.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry

Question #2

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Which of the following is a saturated carbon compound?

A. C₄H₁₀

B. C₃H₆

C. C₂H₂

D. C₂H₄

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
C₄H₁₀ (butane) follows CnH₂n+2, indicating no double or triple bonds, i.e., saturated alkane. C₂H₄ is ethene (alkene), C₃H₆ could be propene or cycloalkane (but alkene formula), C₂H₂ is ethyne (alkyne). Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds and undergo substitution reactions.

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Question #3

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Washing soda is:

A. NaOH

B. Na₂CO₃·10H₂O

C. CaOCl₂

D. NaHCO₃

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Washing soda is sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O). Baking soda is NaHCO₃. Caustic soda is NaOH. Bleaching powder is CaOCl₂.

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