Consider statements about scientists: 1. Edward Jenner is the father of immunology. 2. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. 3. Louis Pasteur discovered the structure of DNA. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Consider statements about scientists: 1. Edward Jenner is the father of immunology. 2. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. 3. Louis Pasteur discovered the structure of DNA. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 and 2 only

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Edward Jenner is considered the father of immunology for pioneering the concept of vaccination by developing the smallpox vaccine. Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928. Louis Pasteur made monumental contributions to microbiology and vaccination, but the structure of DNA was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #1

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Consider statements about gymnosperms: 1. They bear naked seeds. 2. They are mostly evergreen trees. 3. They undergo double fertilization. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 1, 2 and 3

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 and 2 only

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants where the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary; hence, the seeds are naked. They are predominantly perennial, evergreen, woody trees like pines and cedars. Double fertilization and the formation of triploid endosperm are unique characteristics of angiosperms, not gymnosperms. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #2

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The term 'operon' in genetics refers to:

A. A single gene with multiple functions

B. A DNA repair mechanism

C. A viral DNA integrated into host genome

D. A set of linked genes regulated by a single promoter

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
An operon is a functional unit of DNA in prokaryotes containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter, transcribed as a single mRNA. Example: lac operon. It includes operator, promoter, and structural genes. Operons allow coordinate regulation. Eukaryotes generally lack operons.

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Question #3

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The disease 'anemia' is most commonly caused by deficiency of:

A. Iodine

B. Calcium

C. Iron

D. Magnesium

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Iron-deficiency anemia is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide, characterized by fatigue, pallor, and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. It is treated with iron supplementation and dietary changes.

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