Modern History of India MCQs

History GK

Modern History of India MCQs

Practice Modern History of India MCQs with answers and detailed explanations covering the advent of Europeans, British rule in India, Governor-Generals and Viceroys, socio-religious reform movements, Revolt of 1857, Indian National Congress, freedom struggle, constitutional developments, important sessions, revolutionary movements, Gandhian era, partition of India and independence. These questions are designed for SSC, Railway, Banking, UPSC, JKSSB, Police, Defence, Teaching and other competitive examinations.

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Practice Questions

Page 36 of 108
Question #701
The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in 1761 between which two forces?
A. Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali
B. Marathas and the Rajputs
C. Sikhs and Ahmad Shah Abdali
D. Marathas and the British
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Third Battle of Panipat was fought on 14 January 1761 between the Maratha Empire and the Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. The Marathas suffered a heavy defeat, leading to a power vacuum in the north.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #702
The 'Ring Fence Policy' was followed by which Governor-General?
A. Lord Hastings
B. Lord Wellesley
C. Warren Hastings
D. Lord Cornwallis
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Warren Hastings adopted the 'Ring Fence Policy' to create buffer zones around the Company's territories to protect them from external invasions, often by forming alliances with neighbouring states.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #703
Which act is known as the 'Act for the Good Government of India'?
A. Regulating Act of 1773
B. Government of India Act 1858
C. Charter Act of 1833
D. Pitt's India Act of 1784
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Government of India Act 1858 was formally titled 'An Act for the Better Government of India'. It transferred the administration of India from the East India Company to the British Crown.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #704
The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was passed during the viceroyalty of which Viceroy?
A. Lord Lytton
B. Lord Dufferin
C. Lord Mayo
D. Lord Ripon
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lord Lytton enacted the Vernacular Press Act in 1878 to suppress vernacular newspapers that criticised British policies. It was later repealed by Lord Ripon in 1882.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #705
Who among the following founded the 'Indian National Social Conference' in 1887?
A. B. R. Ambedkar
B. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
C. Jyotirao Phule
D. Mahadev Govind Ranade
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Mahadev Govind Ranade, a prominent social reformer, founded the Indian National Social Conference in 1887 to discuss social reforms, especially those concerning women and the caste system.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #706
The 'Servants of India Society' was established by whom in 1905?
A. Dadabhai Naoroji
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Gopal Krishna Gokhale founded the Servants of India Society in Pune in 1905, to train national missionaries for the service of India and to promote the welfare of the people.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #707
Which Indian organisation was inspired by the Russian 'Narodniks' revolutionary movement?
A. Ghadar Party
B. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
C. Anushilan Samiti
D. India House
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), founded in 1928 by revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, and others, was influenced by the Russian Narodniks and socialist ideals.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #708
The 'Two-Nation Theory' was formally propounded by whom?
A. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
B. Chaudhry Rehmat Ali
C. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
D. Allama Iqbal
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Although the roots go earlier, Allama Muhammad Iqbal formally articulated the idea of a separate Muslim state in his presidential address at the Allahabad session of the Muslim League in 1930. Jinnah later adopted it.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #709
The 'C. R. Formula' was a proposal to solve the political deadlock in 1944. Who was C. R.?
A. C. R. Das
B. C. F. Andrews
C. C. Rajagopalachari
D. Chandrashekhar Azad
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
C. Rajagopalachari, the first Indian Governor-General, proposed the C. R. Formula in 1944 to resolve the Congress-Muslim League deadlock. It involved the Congress accepting the demand for Pakistan in principle.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #710
The 'Wavell Plan' was discussed at which conference in 1945?
A. Poona Conference
B. London Round Table Conference
C. Simla Conference
D. Cripps Mission
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Wavell Plan, aimed at forming a new Executive Council with all Indian members except the Viceroy and the Commander-in-Chief, was discussed at the Simla Conference in 1945, but failed due to a League-Congress deadlock.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #711
Who is the author of 'Anandamath', which contains the national song 'Vande Mataram'?
A. Subramania Bharati
B. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
C. Aurobindo Ghosh
D. Rabindranath Tagore
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote the novel 'Anandamath' in 1882, which includes the song 'Vande Mataram'. This song became a rallying cry during the freedom movement.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #712
The 'RIN Mutiny' of 1946 began at which naval establishment?
A. Calcutta
B. Bombay
C. Karachi
D. Madras
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Royal Indian Navy (RIN) Mutiny started on 18 February 1946 at the HMIS Talwar establishment in Bombay (Mumbai) and quickly spread, becoming a major challenge to British authority.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #713
Who was the Prime Minister of Britain when India gained independence?
A. Clement Attlee
B. Winston Churchill
C. Neville Chamberlain
D. Anthony Eden
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Clement Attlee, leader of the Labour Party, was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951. It was under his government that the Indian Independence Act was passed in 1947.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #714
The 'Chittagong Armoury Raid' was carried out under the leadership of which revolutionary?
A. Surya Sen
B. Bhagat Singh
C. Chandrashekhar Azad
D. Rash Behari Bose
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Surya Sen, also known as Masterda, led the Chittagong Armoury Raid on 18 April 1930, where revolutionaries captured the police armoury and proclaimed a provisional government.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #715
The Hunter Commission was appointed to investigate which incident?
A. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
B. Simon Commission protests
C. Chauri Chaura incident
D. Dandi March
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Hunter Commission (Disorders Inquiry Committee) was set up in 1919 by the British government to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. It submitted its report in 1920 and censured General Dyer.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #716
Who among the following was the first woman to become the Chief Minister of a state in independent India?
A. Sarojini Naidu
B. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
C. Indira Gandhi
D. Sucheta Kripalani
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Sucheta Kripalani became the first woman Chief Minister of an Indian state (Uttar Pradesh) in 1963. However, the question may be about independent India's early years; she was indeed the first.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #717
The 'Sarda Act' of 1929 is related to which social reform?
A. Abolition of Sati
B. Widow remarriage
C. Child marriage restraint
D. Untouchability abolition
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Child Marriage Restraint Act, popularly known as the Sarda Act, was passed in 1929. It fixed the minimum age of marriage at 14 for girls and 18 for boys.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #718
Which prominent freedom fighter presided over the special session of the Congress in 1920 that approved the Non-Cooperation Movement?
A. C. R. Das
B. Motilal Nehru
C. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
D. Lala Lajpat Rai
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lala Lajpat Rai presided over the special session of the Indian National Congress at Calcutta in September 1920, where Mahatma Gandhi's Non-Cooperation programme was approved.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #719
The 'Tebhaga Movement' of 1946-47 took place in which region of India?
A. Madras Presidency
B. Bengal
C. United Provinces
D. Punjab
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Tebhaga Movement was a peasant uprising in Bengal in 1946-47, demanding a two-thirds share (tebhaga) of the harvest for the sharecroppers instead of the customary half.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #720
The 'Eka Movement' of 1921 was a peasant movement in which area?
A. Kerala
B. Gujarat
C. Awadh
D. Bihar
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Eka Movement (unity movement) was a peasant agitation in the Awadh region of the United Provinces in 1921, protesting against high rents and landlord excesses.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India

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