Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Kala-azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. It is transmitted by the bite of the infected female sandfly (Phlebotomus). The disease affects internal organs, particularly the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, causing prolonged fever, weight loss, and enlargement of the liver and spleen. Trypanosoma brucei causes sleeping sickness, and Plasmodium causes malaria.
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