In ecology, the 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' (Gause's Law) states that: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) is the total rate of photosynthesis, or the total amount of organic matter (biomass) produced by producers (plants) per unit area per unit time, including the organic matter used in respiration. Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is GPP minus the energy used by the plants for respiration (NPP = GPP - R).

Explanation:
Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, typically transmitted through contaminated water and food. Polio (poliomyelitis) is a highly infectious viral disease caused by the poliovirus, which can invade the nervous system and cause paralysis. Ringworm (dermatophytosis) is a common superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophytes like Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. All three statements correctly identify the causative agents.

Explanation:
Prokaryotes lack a true nucleus and nuclear membrane; their genetic material is concentrated in a nucleoid region. They possess ribosomes (70S), a plasma membrane, and usually a cell wall. The absence of membrane-bound organelles is a defining feature distinguishing them from eukaryotes. Thus, the nuclear membrane is absent.