The condition where the pleural cavity fills with air, causing lung collapse, is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
The condition where the pleural cavity fills with air, causing lung collapse, is:
A. Pleurisy
B. Pneumothorax
C. Pneumonia
D. Emphysema
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Pneumothorax is the accumulation of air in the pleural space, causing lung collapse. Pneumonia is lung infection, emphysema is alveolar damage, pleurisy is inflammation of pleura. It can be spontaneous or traumatic.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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Question #1
The organ that secretes the hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is the:
A. Heart
B. Liver
C. Kidney
D. Adrenal gland
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
ANP is secreted by atrial muscle cells of the heart in response to stretching (high blood volume). It promotes sodium and water excretion, lowering blood pressure. Kidneys secrete renin, adrenal aldosterone, liver angiotensinogen.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Consider statements about human diseases: 1. Ascariasis is caused by a roundworm. 2. Ringworm is caused by a fungus. 3. Amoebiasis is caused by a bacterium. Which are correct?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2 and 3 only
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Ascariasis is a helminthic infection caused by the intestinal roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. Ringworm (dermatophytosis) is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophytes like Microsporum. Amoebiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, not a bacterium. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The process by which bacteria exchange genetic material via a bacteriophage is:
A. Binary fission
B. Transduction
C. Conjugation
D. Transformation
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Transduction is the transfer of bacterial DNA by a bacteriophage (virus). Transformation is uptake of free DNA, conjugation is direct transfer via pilus, binary fission is reproduction.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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