The disease caused by a prion that leads to spongiform degeneration of the brain is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Essential amino acids (like lysine, tryptophan) cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through the diet. Dietary fiber (roughage) is indigestible plant material that adds bulk to stool, promotes peristalsis, and aids in digestion and preventing constipation. Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, making them solid at room temperature (like butter); unsaturated fats are liquid (like oils). Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation:
Lactase is a brush border enzyme in the small intestine that hydrolyzes lactose (milk sugar) into its constituent monosaccharides. Maltase acts on maltose, sucrase on sucrose, amylase on starch. Lactose intolerance results from lactase deficiency.

Explanation:
Platelets adhere to damaged vessel walls, aggregate, and release clotting factors, forming a plug and initiating the coagulation cascade. RBCs carry oxygen, WBCs fight infection, lymphocytes are immune cells.