The disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Lateral meristems—vascular cambium and cork cambium—are responsible for secondary growth, increasing the girth (diameter) of dicot stems and roots. Apical meristem at root and shoot tips causes primary growth in length. Intercalary meristem at nodes helps in elongation in grasses. Epidermis is a protective outer layer. Secondary growth is absent in most monocots due to lack of vascular cambium.

Explanation:
Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, formalized the system of binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. Louis Pasteur made immense contributions to microbiology, including the development of the first effective vaccine against rabies. Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics, known for his laws of inheritance; the structure of DNA was discovered by Watson and Crick. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine. Each kidney has about 1 million nephrons. A nephron consists of the Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct. Neurons are units of nervous system, alveoli of lungs, hepatocytes of liver.