The disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin B₃ (niacin) is characterized by:
A. Night blindness
B. Bleeding gums
C. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
D. Bone deformities
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Pellagra (niacin deficiency) presents with the three D's: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Bleeding gums is scurvy (vitamin C), bone deformities rickets (vitamin D), night blindness vitamin A deficiency.
Consider statements about genetics: 1. DNA is transcribed into mRNA. 2. mRNA is translated into protein. 3. tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome. Which are correct?
Explanation:
Transcription is the process where the genetic information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by RNA polymerase. Translation is the process where the mRNA sequence is decoded by ribosomes to synthesize a specific polypeptide (protein). Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules act as adapters, carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codon. All statements are correct.
Explanation:
Bile is synthesized by hepatocytes of the liver and stored and concentrated in the gall bladder. It contains bile salts (sodium glycocholate and taurocholate) that emulsify fats, aiding lipase action. Bile also contains bile pigments (bilirubin, biliverdin) from hemoglobin breakdown. Pancreas secretes pancreatic juice with digestive enzymes. Gall bladder only stores bile, doesn't produce it.
Explanation:
The pituitary gland controls many other endocrine glands via tropic hormones (TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH). It is regulated by the hypothalamus. Thus, it is often called the master gland.
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