The disease caused by the fungus Candida albicans is:
A. Aspergillosis
B. Candidiasis
C. Athlete's foot
D. Ringworm
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Candidiasis (thrush) is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Candida albicans, affecting moist areas like mouth, vagina, and skin folds. Ringworm is caused by dermatophytes, athlete's foot by Trichophyton, aspergillosis by Aspergillus.
Explanation:
Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones T₃ and T₄. Deficiency causes hypothyroidism and goiter (enlarged thyroid gland). Iodized salt is a preventive measure.
Explanation:
Salivary amylase (ptyalin) is secreted by salivary glands and begins starch digestion in the mouth, hydrolyzing starch into maltose and dextrins. It works optimally at neutral to slightly alkaline pH. Pancreatic amylase continues starch digestion in the small intestine. Pepsin digests proteins, trypsin digests proteins in the intestine, and lipase digests fats. Salivary amylase action stops in the acidic stomach.
Explanation:
During pregnancy, high progesterone and estrogen from the corpus luteum and placenta suppress gonadotropin secretion, preventing follicular development and menstruation. R correctly explains A.
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