The element that is a component of DNA and ATP is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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The element that is a component of DNA and ATP is:

A. Phosphorus

B. Sulfur

C. Iron

D. Nitrogen

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Phosphorus is part of the phosphate backbone of DNA/RNA and the high-energy bonds of ATP. Nitrogen is in bases and amino acids, iron in hemoglobin, sulfur in some amino acids. Phosphorus is essential for energy transfer and genetic material.

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Question #1

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Consider statements about evolution: 1. Fossils provide evidence of past life. 2. Analogous organs have different evolutionary origins. 3. Lamarck proposed natural selection. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1, 2 and 3

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 2 and 3 only

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms, providing crucial evidence for evolution. Analogous organs (like wings of birds and insects) perform similar functions but have different structural plans and evolutionary origins, indicating convergent evolution. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characters, while Charles Darwin proposed natural selection. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

Question #2

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The pigment that protects skin from UV radiation is:

A. Elastin

B. Melanin

C. Keratin

D. Collagen

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Melanin, produced by melanocytes, absorbs and dissipates UV radiation, protecting skin cells from DNA damage. Keratin is structural protein, collagen provides strength, elastin elasticity. Increased melanin production causes tanning.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

Question #3

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During which phase of the cell cycle does the centrosome duplicate?

A. G2 phase

B. S phase

C. G1 phase

D. M phase

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The centrosome, which contains two centrioles, duplicates during the S phase of the cell cycle, concurrent with DNA replication. This ensures that by the time the cell enters mitosis, it has two fully formed centrosomes to organize the mitotic spindle. G1 is for growth, G2 is for preparation for M phase, and M phase is for actual division.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

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