The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) is caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani, transmitted by sandfly bite. Tetanus is bacterial (Clostridium tetani), tuberculosis bacterial (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), measles viral. Protozoan diseases include malaria, amoebiasis, sleeping sickness, giardiasis. Kala-azar causes fever, weight loss, splenomegaly, and is endemic in parts of India.

Explanation:
Differential centrifugation separates organelles by size and density by spinning homogenized cells at progressively higher speeds. Each pellet is enriched in a particular organelle. Density gradient centrifugation further refines separation. Electrophoresis separates by charge/size, chromatography by differential partitioning, spectrophotometry measures absorbance.

Explanation:
The pancreas acts as an exocrine gland (secreting digestive enzymes into the duodenum) and an endocrine gland (secreting insulin and glucagon into blood). The liver has metabolic but not major endocrine function, spleen is lymphoid, gall bladder stores bile.