The human chromosome number (2n) is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Mendel's Law of Segregation states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation, applying to a single gene. His Law of Independent Assortment applies to genes located on different (non-homologous) chromosomes, not those linked on the same chromosome. Mendel conducted his pioneering genetic experiments on the garden pea, Pisum sativum. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation:
The appendix is considered vestigial (reduced and non-essential), but recent studies suggest it may have a minor immune function or serve as a reservoir for gut bacteria. So R is not entirely true (it may have a function). Thus, A is true but R is false (no function is an oversimplification).

Explanation:
The pleura consists of visceral pleura (adhering to lungs) and parietal pleura (lining chest wall), with pleural fluid between them reducing friction during breathing. Pericardium surrounds the heart, peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity, meninges cover the brain and spinal cord.