The infoldings of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Nitrous acid (HNO₂) is a chemical mutagen that can deaminate bases (e.g., cytosine to uracil), causing base-pair changes and mutations. X-rays, UV radiation, and gamma rays are physical mutagens (ionizing and non-ionizing radiation). Chemical mutagens include base analogs, alkylating agents, and intercalating agents. Mutagens increase the rate of mutations beyond natural levels.

Explanation:
Guttation is the exudation of water in liquid form from the intact, uninjured surfaces of plants, typically from the margins or tips of leaves. This occurs when root pressure is high (usually at night or early morning when transpiration is low and soil moisture is high) and the rate of water absorption exceeds the rate of transpiration. The water is forced out through specialized structures called hydathodes (or water stomata), which are located at the leaf margins and lack the mechanism to close like regular stomata.

Explanation:
Iron (Fe) is a crucial mineral that forms the core of the heme group in hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport. Without adequate iron, the body cannot produce enough healthy red blood cells, leading to iron-deficiency anemia. Calcium is for bones, iodine is for thyroid hormones, and magnesium is for enzyme function.