Which of the following is an example of a chemical mutagen? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Which of the following is an example of a chemical mutagen?
A. Nitrous acid
B. UV radiation
C. Gamma rays
D. X-rays
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Nitrous acid (HNO₂) is a chemical mutagen that can deaminate bases (e.g., cytosine to uracil), causing base-pair changes and mutations. X-rays, UV radiation, and gamma rays are physical mutagens (ionizing and non-ionizing radiation). Chemical mutagens include base analogs, alkylating agents, and intercalating agents. Mutagens increase the rate of mutations beyond natural levels.
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Question #1
The disorder caused by the deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is:
A. Albinism
B. Phenylketonuria
C. Homocystinuria
D. Maple syrup urine disease
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
PKU leads to accumulation of phenylalanine, causing mental retardation. Albinism is tyrosinase defect, MSUD branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase, homocystinuria methionine metabolism.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The animal that has a three-chambered heart is:
A. Human
B. Frog
C. Crocodile
D. Pigeon
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Amphibians like frogs have a three-chambered heart (two atria, one ventricle) with some mixing of blood. Humans and pigeons have four-chambered hearts, crocodiles uniquely have a four-chambered heart among reptiles.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The hormone that stimulates the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is:
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. Prolactin
D. FSH
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), secreted by the anterior pituitary, stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and release glucocorticoids like cortisol, which regulate metabolism and stress response. TSH stimulates the thyroid, FSH stimulates gonads, and prolactin stimulates milk production. ACTH is part of the HPA axis.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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