The normal systolic blood pressure of a healthy adult is about:
A. 200 mmHg
B. 160 mmHg
C. 120 mmHg
D. 80 mmHg
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Normal blood pressure is around 120/80 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). Systolic pressure is during ventricular contraction; diastolic during relaxation. Hypertension is >140/90 mmHg.
Explanation:
August Weismann proposed the germ plasm theory, stating that only changes in germ cells (sperm/egg) are inherited, not somatic changes. He cut off tails of mice for many generations but offspring had normal tails, disproving inheritance of acquired characters.
Explanation:
Peter Mitchell proposed the chemiosmotic theory (1961), explaining that a proton gradient across a membrane drives ATP synthesis. Krebs discovered the citric acid cycle, Calvin the Calvin cycle, Lipmann discovered coenzyme A.
Explanation:
Residual volume (RV) is the air left in the lungs (about 1.2 L) after a forceful expiration. This prevents lung collapse and ensures continuous gas exchange between breaths. Tidal volume is normal breath volume, vital capacity is the maximum exhaled after maximum inhalation, and inspiratory reserve volume is the extra air that can be inhaled beyond tidal volume.
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