The phenomenon where a single gene mutation affects multiple traits is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The Golgi apparatus consists of cisternae that modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids received from the ER for secretion or delivery to other organelles. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes and is the primary site for the synthesis of lipids, including phospholipids and steroids. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) has ribosomes attached and is primarily involved in protein synthesis, not lipid synthesis. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
Asexual reproduction (binary fission, budding, fragmentation, vegetative propagation) produces genetically identical offspring from a single parent. Sexual reproduction involves gamete fusion. Fertilization is gamete union.

Explanation:
Rhizobium is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms root nodules in the roots of leguminous plants (like peas, beans, clover). Inside these nodules, the bacterium converts atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), which the plant can use. In return, the plant provides the bacteria with carbohydrates and a protected environment. It significantly reduces the need for chemical nitrogen fertilizers.