The 'Philadelphia chromosome', associated with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), is the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Essential amino acids (like lysine, tryptophan) cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through the diet. Dietary fiber (roughage) is indigestible plant material that adds bulk to stool, promotes peristalsis, and aids in digestion and preventing constipation. Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, making them solid at room temperature (like butter); unsaturated fats are liquid (like oils). Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation:
Self-pollination (autogamy) occurs within the same flower. Geitonogamy is pollination between different flowers of the same plant, functionally cross-pollination. Xenogamy is between different plants. Self-pollination leads to genetic uniformity.

Explanation:
Not all bacteria cause disease; many are beneficial (e.g., nitrogen fixers, gut flora). The other statements are true.