The process of converting mRNA information into a polypeptide chain is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The process of converting mRNA information into a polypeptide chain is:
A. Transcription
B. Transduction
C. Replication
D. Translation
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide chain at the ribosome, where the genetic code in mRNA is read by tRNA anticodons to assemble amino acids in the correct order. Transcription produces mRNA from DNA, replication duplicates DNA, transduction is gene transfer by viruses. Translation involves initiation, elongation, and termination factors.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
The enzyme that cuts DNA at specific sequences is:
A. Restriction endonuclease
B. Polymerase
C. Ligase
D. Helicase

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Restriction enzymes recognize specific palindromic sequences and cleave the DNA backbone, producing sticky or blunt ends for cloning.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The type of tissue that covers body surfaces and lines cavities is:
A. Connective tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Muscle tissue

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Epithelial tissue forms sheets covering external surfaces (skin) and lining internal organs and cavities. It functions in protection, absorption, secretion, and sensation. Connective tissue supports and binds, muscle contracts, nervous transmits impulses. Epithelial cells are tightly packed with little extracellular matrix.

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Question #3
The scientific name of the common garden pea, extensively used by Mendel, is:
A. Pisum sativum
B. Lathyrus sativus
C. Cicer arietinum
D. Phaseolus vulgaris

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
The common garden pea is scientifically named Pisum sativum. It belongs to the family Fabaceae. Mendel chose this plant for his genetic experiments because it has easily distinguishable contrasting traits, a short generation time, and is primarily self-pollinating. Cicer arietinum is chickpea, and Phaseolus vulgaris is the common bean.

This question belongs to: Science Biology