The reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ester is called:
A. Fermentation
B. Esterification
C. Saponification
D. Hydrogenation
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Esterification is the chemical reaction where a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of a strong acid catalyst (like conc. H₂SO₄) to produce an ester and water. Saponification is the reverse process, involving the alkaline hydrolysis of esters to form soap and glycerol.
Explanation:
Graphite, an allotrope of carbon, is a good conductor of electricity. This is because each carbon atom is bonded to three others, leaving one free valence electron per atom that is delocalized and can move freely between the layers to conduct electricity, unlike diamond which is an insulator.
Explanation:
The root mean square velocity (urms) of gas molecules can be expressed in multiple equivalent ways. It is √(3RT/M) where R is the gas constant, T is temperature, and M is molar mass. Since P = dRT/M (where d is density), it can also be written as √(3P/d). Both formulas are correct.
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