The term 'biological magnification' refers to: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
The term 'biological magnification' refers to:
A. The increasing concentration of non-biodegradable toxic substances in organisms at higher trophic levels
B. The increase in the number of organisms at higher trophic levels
C. The increase in biodiversity in a climax community
D. The rapid growth of algae in nutrient-rich water bodies
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Biological magnification (or biomagnification) is the process where the concentration of persistent, non-biodegradable toxic substances (like DDT, mercury, or PCBs) increases progressively at each successive trophic level in a food chain. Because these substances are not metabolized or excreted, they accumulate in the tissues of organisms. Top predators end up with the highest, often lethal, concentrations of these toxins.
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Question #1
The scientist who proposed the 'indirect fit' model of enzyme action was:
A. Leonor Michaelis
B. Maud Menten
C. Emil Fischer
D. Daniel Koshland
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Daniel Koshland proposed the induced fit model (1958), where enzyme active site changes shape upon substrate binding. Fischer had proposed lock-and-key.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The process of formation of blood cells is called:
A. Hemostasis
B. Hematopoiesis
C. Hemolysis
D. Hematuria
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Hematopoiesis is the production of formed elements of blood (red cells, white cells, platelets) from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Hemolysis is RBC destruction, hemostasis is stopping bleeding, hematuria is blood in urine. Erythropoietin stimulates RBC production.
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Question #3
The technique of creating a gene library by inserting DNA fragments into plasmid vectors and introducing into bacteria is:
A. DNA sequencing
B. Microarray
C. PCR
D. Cloning
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Molecular cloning involves inserting a DNA fragment into a vector (e.g., plasmid), which is then taken up by host cells (e.g., E. coli). As the bacteria replicate, they produce many copies of the inserted DNA, creating a gene library. PCR amplifies without vectors, sequencing reads bases, microarrays analyze expression.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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