The theory of natural selection was proposed by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The Munch hypothesis, or mass flow hypothesis, explains the movement of sugars (primarily sucrose) through the phloem. It proposes that sugars are actively loaded into the phloem at the source (e.g., leaves), which lowers the water potential and causes water to enter from the xylem by osmosis. This creates a high turgor pressure. At the sink (e.g., roots, fruits), sugars are unloaded, increasing water potential, and water leaves the phloem, creating a low turgor pressure. The bulk flow of sap is driven by this turgor pressure gradient from source to sink.

Explanation:
A pyramid of numbers can be inverted when a single tree (producer) supports many herbivores, or many parasites live on a single host. Energy pyramids are always upright. Biomass pyramid can be inverted in aquatic systems.

Explanation:
Vascular cryptogams are plants that possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) but reproduce via spores rather than seeds. Pteridophytes, such as Selaginella (spike moss), ferns, and Equisetum, fit this description. Funaria and Marchantia are bryophytes (non-vascular cryptogams), and Pinus is a gymnosperm (a vascular phanerogam or seed-producing plant).