The type of immunity that a newborn acquires from breast milk is:
A. Natural active
B. Artificial passive
C. Artificial active
D. Natural passive
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Natural passive immunity is transferred from mother to child via placental transfer of IgG antibodies (in utero) and IgA antibodies in breast milk (colostrum). It provides temporary protection without the infant's immune system being activated. Active immunity results from natural infection or vaccination.
Assertion (A): Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots.
Reason (R): The fungus provides water and minerals to the plant and receives sugars in return.
A.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.
B.A false, R true.
C.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
Explanation:
Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient and water uptake for plants, and the fungus benefits from photosynthetic carbohydrates. It’s a mutualistic symbiosis. R correctly explains A.
Explanation:
Hybridoma technology fuses antibody-producing B cells with immortal myeloma cells to create hybridomas that produce monoclonal antibodies. Developed by Kohler and Milstein.
Explanation:
Kidneys are bean-shaped organs that filter waste products, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood to form urine. The liver processes nutrients and toxins, the heart pumps blood, the lungs exchange gases.
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