Which of the following acids is considered a strong acid?
A. Carbonic acid
B. Hydrochloric acid
C. Citric acid
D. Acetic acid
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates completely in water, making it a strong acid. Acetic acid (CH₃COOH), carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), and citric acid are weak acids—they partially ionize. Other strong acids: H₂SO₄ (first dissociation), HNO₃, HBr, HI, HClO₄. Strong acids have very large Ka values. pH of 0.1 M HCl is about 1.
Explanation:
The ion M³⁺ has lost 3 electrons, so the neutral atom M has 10 + 3 = 13 electrons. Thus, the atomic number is 13. The mass number is protons + neutrons = 13 + 14 = 27. The element is Aluminum, and the specific isotope is Aluminum-27.
Explanation:
Manganese is extracted by the aluminothermic process (Goldschmidt thermite process) where Mn₃O₄ is reduced by aluminium: 3Mn₃O₄ + 8Al → 9Mn + 4Al₂O₃. This works for metals with less reactivity than Al but not too reactive. Sodium is extracted by electrolysis. Iron is extracted by smelting with coke. Zinc by carbon reduction/electrolysis.
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