Which of the following features differentiates mitosis from meiosis? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Which of the following features differentiates mitosis from meiosis?
A. Synapsis and crossing over
B. Spindle fibre formation
C. Separation of sister chromatids
D. Chromosome duplication
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Synapsis (pairing of homologous chromosomes) and crossing over (exchange of genetic material) occur during prophase I of meiosis, not in mitosis. Mitosis involves one division producing two genetically identical diploid daughter cells. Meiosis involves two divisions producing four haploid gametes with genetic variation. Chromosome duplication and sister chromatid separation occur in both. Spindle fibres form in both divisions. Thus, synapsis and crossing over are unique to meiosis.
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The organelle that is the site of oxidative phosphorylation is:
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Mitochondrion
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane, where the electron transport chain creates a proton gradient, and ATP synthase uses this gradient to produce ATP. This is the major source of cellular energy. Nucleus stores DNA, Golgi processes proteins, ribosomes synthesize proteins.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The process of growing plants in a sterile nutrient medium under controlled conditions is called:
A. Tissue culture
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D. Hybridization
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Tissue culture is a technique where plant cells, tissues, or organs are grown on a synthetic nutrient medium (like MS medium) under aseptic conditions to regenerate whole plants. It exploits totipotency. It is used for micropropagation, production of disease-free plants, and conservation. Cloning produces genetically identical individuals, genetic engineering alters DNA, hybridization crosses different varieties.
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Question #3
In animal husbandry, the 'Murrah' breed is highly valued for its high milk yield and is a breed of:
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C. Goat
D. Cattle
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Murrah is a premier breed of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) originating from the Haryana and Punjab regions of India. It is renowned for its high milk yield, high fat content in milk, and adaptability to local conditions. It is one of the most important dairy breeds in India and has been exported worldwide for dairy improvement. Sahiwal and Holstein are cattle breeds.
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