Which of the following is a connecting link between Annelida and Arthropoda?
A. Peripatus
B. Archaeopteryx
C. Neopilina
D. Balanoglossus
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Peripatus (velvet worm) is a classic connecting link between the phyla Annelida and Arthropoda. It possesses annelid-like features such as a soft body, segmental arrangement of nephridia, and circular muscles, alongside arthropod-like features such as tracheal respiration, an open circulatory system, and clawed legs. Balanoglossus links Hemichordata and Chordata, and Archaeopteryx links reptiles and birds.
Explanation:
Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air breathed in or out in one normal respiratory cycle, about 500 mL in a healthy adult. Vital capacity is the maximum air exhaled after a maximum inspiration. Total lung capacity is the total volume of air lungs can hold. Residual volume is the air remaining in lungs after maximum expiration to prevent alveolar collapse.
Explanation:
Petrified fossils (permineralization) form when dissolved minerals infiltrate the porous tissues of dead organisms and harden, turning the remains into stone while preserving internal structure. Mold and cast fossils are impressions, trace fossils are tracks or burrows. Petrified wood is a common example.
Explanation:
The nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit that filters blood and forms urine. It consists of the renal corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's capsule) and tubules. Alveoli are lung units, neurons are nerve cells, hepatocytes are liver cells. Each kidney contains about one million nephrons.
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