Which of the following is a defining characteristic of living organisms that distinguishes them from non-living matter? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of living organisms that distinguishes them from non-living matter?
A. Ability to undergo crystallization
B. Possession of mass
C. Electrical conductivity
D. Metabolic activity
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Metabolism, comprising anabolism and catabolism, is a universal feature of all living cells. Non-living objects may possess mass, crystallize, or conduct electricity, but they lack metabolic processes. Metabolism involves enzyme-catalyzed biochemical reactions that sustain life. Thus, metabolic activity is a definitive characteristic of life.
Explanation:
A biological species is defined as a group of potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups and produce fertile offspring. Physical similarity or shared habitat does not guarantee species status, as reproductive isolation is the key criterion.
Explanation:
Transcription, catalyzed by RNA polymerase, copies the genetic information from a DNA template into a complementary mRNA strand. Translation is protein synthesis.
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