Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Kingdom Fungi?
A. Autotrophic nutrition
B. Cell wall of chitin
C. Heterotrophic nutrition
D. Multicellular (except yeast) and filamentous
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Fungi are heterotrophic organisms; they cannot perform photosynthesis because they lack chlorophyll and chloroplasts. They obtain nutrients through absorption after extracellular digestion (saprophytic or parasitic). The cell wall contains chitin, and most are multicellular with a filamentous body (mycelium), though yeasts are unicellular. Thus, autotrophy is not a fungal characteristic.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis converts CO₂ and H₂O into glucose and oxygen using light energy, catalyzed by chlorophyll in chloroplasts. This process sustains nearly all life, providing food and oxygen. Respiration releases energy from glucose, chemosynthesis uses chemical energy, transpiration is water loss.
Explanation:
Azolla is an aquatic fern that harbors the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae in its leaf cavities. It is extensively used as a biofertilizer in rice paddies, adding organic nitrogen. Rhizobium fixes nitrogen in legume roots, Azotobacter is free-living in soil, mycorrhiza is a fungal association enhancing phosphorus uptake. Azolla multiplies rapidly and improves soil fertility.
Explanation:
The anticodon is a triplet of nucleotides on the tRNA molecule that base-pairs with the complementary codon on mRNA during translation, ensuring correct amino acid incorporation. Codons are on mRNA, promoters are DNA sequences for transcription initiation, exons are coding regions in eukaryotic genes.
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