Which of the following organisms is a prokaryote? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Which of the following organisms is a prokaryote?
A. Cyanobacteria
B. Amoeba
C. Yeast
D. Paramecium
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are prokaryotes, possessing a nucleoid region but no true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Amoeba, yeast (fungus), and Paramecium are eukaryotes. Cyanobacteria perform oxygenic photosynthesis and some fix nitrogen, having chlorophyll a and phycobilins. They are classified under Kingdom Monera. Examples: Nostoc, Anabaena.
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Question #1
The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is:
A. Sun
B. Wind
C. Water
D. Soil
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Solar energy is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis, driving nearly all ecosystems. Only deep-sea vents rely on chemosynthesis.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative because:
A. DNA is replicated only during the S phase
B. Replication occurs in both directions from the origin
C. Each new DNA molecule consists of one old (parental) strand and one newly synthesized strand
D. Both strands of the new DNA molecule are newly synthesized
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Semi-conservative replication means that when a new DNA double helix is formed, it consists of one original (parental) strand and one newly synthesized strand. This was proven by the Meselson-Stahl experiment in 1958 using isotopes of nitrogen (15N and 14N) in E. coli. This mechanism ensures genetic continuity.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan?
A. Tetanus
B. Kala-azar
C. Measles
D. Tuberculosis
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) is caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani, transmitted by sandfly bite. Tetanus is bacterial (Clostridium tetani), tuberculosis bacterial (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), measles viral. Protozoan diseases include malaria, amoebiasis, sleeping sickness, giardiasis. Kala-azar causes fever, weight loss, splenomegaly, and is endemic in parts of India.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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