Which of the following organisms is used in the production of ethanol for biofuels?
A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B. Aspergillus oryzae
C. Rhizopus stolonifer
D. Lactobacillus
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) ferments sugars to ethanol and CO₂, a process used in biofuel production, brewing, and baking. Lactobacillus produces lactic acid, Aspergillus oryzae is used in soy sauce and sake fermentation, Rhizopus is a mold causing bread spoilage. Yeast can utilize various feedstocks like corn, sugarcane.
Explanation:
The nephron is the fundamental structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney contains about one million nephrons. A nephron consists of two main parts: the renal corpuscle (Malpighian body, containing the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule) and the renal tubule (PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT). It is responsible for urine formation.
Explanation:
Abscisic acid (ABA) is known as the stress hormone because it plays a crucial role in plant responses to environmental stresses, particularly drought. It induces the closure of stomata to reduce water loss (transpiration) and also inhibits seed germination and growth, helping the plant survive adverse conditions.
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