Which part of the human brain is primarily responsible for maintaining balance and posture?
A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Hypothalamus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The cerebellum is a highly folded structure located at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum. It is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, maintaining balance, posture, and equilibrium. Damage to the cerebellum results in ataxia (lack of muscle coordination). The medulla controls vital involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate.
Explanation:
Microtubules are hollow, tube-like structures made of the protein tubulin. They are a major component of the cytoskeleton and play a crucial role in maintaining cell shape, intracellular transport, and cell division by forming the mitotic spindle that separates chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.
Explanation:
Variant CJD is a fatal prion disease linked to consumption of beef from cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease). Prions are misfolded proteins that induce other proteins to misfold. Not viral, bacterial, or fungal.
Explanation:
Cataract is clouding of the crystalline lens, causing blurred vision and eventual blindness if untreated. It is often age-related or due to UV exposure. Myopia is nearsightedness, glaucoma optic nerve damage, astigmatism irregular curvature. Cataract is treated by surgical removal and lens replacement.
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