Which pathogen causes tuberculosis in humans? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Rhizopus stolonifer belongs to the class Phycomycetes (or Zygomycetes). These fungi are characterized by a coenocytic (multinucleate, aseptate) mycelium and reproduce asexually by forming motile or non-motile spores in sporangia. Ascomycetes (sac fungi) have septate hyphae and produce ascospores in asci. Basidiomycetes (club fungi) produce basidiospores on basidia. Deuteromycetes are imperfect fungi lacking a known sexual stage.

Explanation:
Rhodopsin (visual purple) is a photopigment in rod cells consisting of opsin and retinal (from vitamin A). It bleaches upon absorbing light, initiating signal transduction for vision in low light. Cone cells contain iodopsin for color vision. Melanin is skin pigment, hemoglobin carries oxygen.

Explanation:
A food chain represents the flow of energy and nutrients. The first trophic level is always occupied by producers (autotrophs), primarily green plants and algae, which convert solar energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis. The second level is primary consumers (herbivores), the third is secondary consumers (carnivores), and so on.