The velocity-time graph of a particle moving in a straight line is shown. The displacement of the particle from t=0 to t=4s is: [Graph: triangle from (0,0) to (2,10) to (4,0)]
Explanation:
Displacement = area under velocity-time graph. The graph forms a triangle with base 4 s and height 10 m/s. Area = ½ × base × height = ½ × 4 × 10 = 20 m. Since velocity is always positive, displacement equals distance travelled. Graphical analysis is powerful: area gives displacement, slope gives acceleration. This triangle represents motion with uniform acceleration followed by uniform retardation. Exam tip: For piecewise linear v-t graphs, calculate area of each geometric segment separately. Such graph-based questions assess conceptual clarity in motion analysis.
Explanation:
SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) relies on the reflection of ultrasonic waves. A transmitter sends out sound waves, which travel through water, strike an object (like a submarine or the seabed), and reflect back as an echo to a receiver. By measuring the time taken for the echo to return, the distance can be calculated.
Explanation:
Electric fields deflect charged particles via Coulomb forces (F=qE), and magnetic fields deflect moving charged particles via Lorentz forces (F=qvB). Gamma rays are purely high-energy electromagnetic photons. Because they lack any electrical charge (q=0), both electric and magnetic forces on them are exactly zero. Therefore, they pass through fields completely un-deflected. R explains A perfectly.
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