A plasmid used as a cloning vector must have: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Bile is continuously synthesized by hepatocytes in the liver. It contains bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, and phospholipids. The gall bladder merely stores and concentrates bile, releasing it upon eating. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes, duodenum is part of the small intestine. Bile emulsifies fats.

Explanation:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is characterized by the presence of the pentose sugar deoxyribose in its nucleotide backbone. RNA (ribonucleic acid) contains the pentose sugar ribose. DNA is typically a double-stranded helical molecule, providing stability for long-term genetic storage. RNA is generally single-stranded, allowing it to fold into complex shapes and perform various functional roles like mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
Asexual reproduction (binary fission, budding, fragmentation, vegetative propagation) produces genetically identical offspring from a single parent. Sexual reproduction involves gamete fusion. Fertilization is gamete union.