As we move from left to right across a period, the atomic radius generally: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

As we move from left to right across a period, the atomic radius generally:
A. Remains constant
B. First increases then decreases
C. Decreases
D. Increases
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Across a period, the atomic radius decreases. This is because the number of protons (nuclear charge) increases, pulling the electrons in the same shell closer to the nucleus, while the number of shells remains constant. This increases the effective nuclear charge experienced by the valence electrons.

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Question #1
Aqua regia is a mixture of:
A. HF and HCl
B. HCl and HNO₃ in 3:1 ratio
C. HNO₃ and H₂SO₄
D. HCl and H₂SO₄

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
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Question #2
The number of valence electrons in an atom with electronic configuration 2, 8, 2 is:
A. 10
B. 2
C. 8
D. 12

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. Configuration 2,8,2 means K=2, L=8, M=2. The outermost shell M has 2 electrons, so valency is 2, typical of Group 2 metals (Mg). These atoms lose 2 electrons to form M²⁺. The number of valence electrons determines the group in the periodic table. Elements with 2 valence electrons belong to Group 2 (alkaline earth metals).

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Question #3
Ethanol can be converted to ethanoic acid by:
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B. Oxidation
C. Hydrogenation
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Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Oxidation of ethanol with acidified K₂Cr₂O₇ or KMnO₄ produces ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH). Dehydration gives ethene; hydrogenation adds H₂; fermentation produces ethanol from sugars.

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