Assertion (A): Humans are ureotelic. Reason (R): The liver converts ammonia to urea, which is excreted in urine. MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The Wobble hypothesis, proposed by Francis Crick, explains the degeneracy of the genetic code. It states that the base pairing rules (A-U, G-C) are strictly followed for the first two bases of the mRNA codon, but the third base of the codon (the 3' end) can form non-standard or 'wobble' base pairs with the first base of the tRNA anticodon (the 5' end). This allows a single tRNA molecule to recognize and bind to more than one synonymous codon.

Explanation:
Proteomics involves large-scale study of proteins, their structures, and functions. Genomics is DNA, transcriptomics RNA, metabolomics metabolites.

Explanation:
Edward Jenner is considered the father of immunology for pioneering the concept of vaccination by developing the smallpox vaccine. Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928. Louis Pasteur made monumental contributions to microbiology and vaccination, but the structure of DNA was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.