Consider statements about human diseases: 1. Tuberculosis is caused by a virus. 2. Polio is caused by a bacterium. 3. Tetanus affects the nervous system. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Consider statements about human diseases: 1. Tuberculosis is caused by a virus. 2. Polio is caused by a bacterium. 3. Tetanus affects the nervous system. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 3 only

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs. Polio is a viral disease caused by the poliovirus, attacking the nervous system. Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which produces a neurotoxin that causes severe muscle spasms and affects the nervous system. Thus, only statement 3 is correct.

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Question #1

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Assertion (A): Genetic variation is essential for evolution.
Reason (R): Without variation, natural selection cannot occur because there are no differences to select from.

A. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.

B. A false, R true.

C. A true, R false.

D. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Genetic variation provides the raw material for natural selection. If all individuals were identical, selection could not favor any. R correctly explains A.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

Question #2

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Consider the following statements about the human excretory system:
1. ADH increases water reabsorption.
2. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption.
3. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
Which of the above is/are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2, and 3

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
All are correct: ADH (water), aldosterone (Na⁺), renin (angiotensinogen cleavage).

This question belongs to: Science Biology

Question #3

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Pneumatophores, specialized roots that grow vertically upwards to facilitate gas exchange in swampy areas, are found in:

A. Nepenthes

B. Rhizophora

C. Orchids

D. Cuscuta

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Pneumatophores are negative geotropic, spongy roots that grow upwards out of the water or mud to obtain oxygen in anaerobic, waterlogged soils. They are a characteristic adaptation of mangrove plants like Rhizophora (mangrove). Orchids have epiphytic aerial roots, Cuscuta has parasitic haustoria, and Nepenthes has modified pitcher leaves for insectivory.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

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