Consider the following statements about mutations: 1. Mutations can be caused by UV radiation. 2. All mutations result in a change in the protein sequence. 3. Mutations in germ cells are heritable. Which of the above is/are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Niacin (vitamin B₃) is the precursor of NAD⁺ and NADP⁺, essential electron carriers in redox reactions. Thiamine is TPP, riboflavin FAD, biotin for carboxylation.

Explanation:
Innate (natural) immunity is the non-specific defense mechanism present from birth, including physical barriers like skin and chemical barriers like stomach acid. Acquired (adaptive) immunity is highly specific and develops after the body is exposed to a specific pathogen or antigen, involving the production of antibodies and memory cells. Vaccines provide artificial immunity (specifically, artificial active immunity), not natural immunity, which is acquired through actual infection or from mother to child. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), secreted by the anterior pituitary, stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and release cortisol. TSH stimulates thyroid, FSH gonads, GH growth.