Modern History of India MCQs

History GK

Modern History of India MCQs

Practice Modern History of India MCQs with answers and detailed explanations covering the advent of Europeans, British rule in India, Governor-Generals and Viceroys, socio-religious reform movements, Revolt of 1857, Indian National Congress, freedom struggle, constitutional developments, important sessions, revolutionary movements, Gandhian era, partition of India and independence. These questions are designed for SSC, Railway, Banking, UPSC, JKSSB, Police, Defence, Teaching and other competitive examinations.

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Practice Questions

Page 47 of 108
Question #921
The ‘Blue Water Policy’ was associated with which Portuguese Governor in India?
A. Nino da Cunha
B. Albuquerque
C. Martin Afonso de Souza
D. Almeida
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Francisco de Almeida, the first Portuguese governor, followed the 'Blue Water Policy' to control the Indian Ocean by dominating naval power rather than building territorial empire.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #922
The Dutch East India Company was founded in which year?
A. 1602
B. 1600
C. 1596
D. 1612
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was established in 1602 by a charter from the States General of the Netherlands, with the aim of trading in the East Indies including India.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #923
Which was the most important Dutch factory in India, serving as their headquarters?
A. Pulicat
B. Nagapattinam
C. Surat
D. Cochin
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Dutch established their main factory at Pulicat (Tamil Nadu) in 1610. Later, Nagapattinam became their principal settlement, but initially Pulicat was the headquarters.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #924
The French East India Company was established in 1664 during the reign of which French monarch?
A. Henry IV
B. Napoleon I
C. Louis XIV
D. Louis XIII
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Compagnie des Indes Orientales was founded in 1664 by Jean-Baptiste Colbert under King Louis XIV to compete with the English and Dutch.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #925
Which was the first French factory in India, established in 1668?
A. Surat
B. Chandernagore
C. Mahe
D. Pondicherry
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The French established their first factory at Surat in 1668 under François Caron. Pondicherry later became their main colony.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #926
The Battle of Swally (1612) was a naval battle between the English and which power?
A. French
B. Dutch
C. Danish
D. Portuguese
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Battle of Swally (Suvali) near Surat in 1612 was fought between the English East India Company and the Portuguese, resulting in an English victory and the establishment of the Surat factory.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #927
Which Mughal emperor’s farman of 1691 exempted the English from all duties in Bengal in exchange for an annual payment?
A. Aurangzeb
B. Farrukhsiyar
C. Jahandar Shah
D. Bahadur Shah I
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
In 1691, Aurangzeb issued a farman exempting the English from customs duties in Bengal in return for a payment of ₹3,000 per year. The famous 'magna carta' was Farrukhsiyar's farman of 1717.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #928
The Danish East India Company established their first settlement in India at which place in 1620?
A. Goa
B. Calicut
C. Serampore
D. Tranquebar
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Danish East India Company founded a settlement at Tranquebar (Tharangambadi) in Tamil Nadu in 1620. They also later established Serampore in Bengal.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #929
The First Carnatic War (1740-1748) was an extension of which larger European conflict?
A. Napoleonic Wars
B. War of the Spanish Succession
C. Seven Years' War
D. War of the Austrian Succession
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The First Carnatic War was the Indian theatre of the War of the Austrian Succession in Europe. It ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748).
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #930
The Battle of St. Thome (1746) during the First Carnatic War was fought between which forces?
A. English and the Nawab of Carnatic
B. French and the Nawab of Carnatic
C. English and Dutch
D. French and English
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
In 1746, the French under Dupleix captured Madras. The Nawab of Carnatic Anwar-ud-din sent an army, but the French defeated it at St. Thome, highlighting the military weakness of Indian states.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #931
Who was the French Governor-General who initiated the policy of ‘Subsidiary Alliance’ like diplomacy before Wellesley?
A. Jean Law
B. Joseph François Dupleix
C. Thomas Arthur, Comte de Lally
D. Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Dupleix, the French Governor in India (1742-1754), used the policy of supporting rival claimants to the thrones of Hyderabad and Carnatic, placing French nominees, which was a precursor to the Subsidiary Alliance.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #932
The Second Carnatic War ended with which treaty?
A. Treaty of Ryswick
B. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
C. Treaty of Paris
D. Treaty of Pondicherry
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Second Carnatic War ended with the Treaty of Pondicherry in 1754, signed between the French and English East India Companies. Dupleix was recalled.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #933
The Battle of Wandiwash (1760) was fought during which Anglo-French conflict?
A. Second Carnatic War
B. First Carnatic War
C. Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
D. Third Carnatic War
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Battle of Wandiwash (Vandavasi) was a decisive battle of the Third Carnatic War (1756-1763). The English under Sir Eyre Coote defeated the French under Lally, sealing French ambitions in India.
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Question #934
Which treaty ended the Third Carnatic War, limiting the French to only trading posts?
A. Treaty of Paris (1763)
B. Treaty of Pondicherry
C. Treaty of Allahabad
D. Treaty of Srirangapatna
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended the Seven Years' War and the Third Carnatic War. The French were allowed to keep their trading settlements but could not fortify them or maintain troops.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #935
Who was the founder of the independent state of Hyderabad in 1724?
A. Saadat Khan
B. Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah I
C. Alivardi Khan
D. Murshid Quli Khan
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Chin Qilich Khan, given the title Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah I, founded the Asaf Jahi dynasty in Hyderabad in 1724, becoming virtually independent from the Mughal Empire.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #936
Which Mughal emperor’s reign witnessed the invasion of Nadir Shah in 1739?
A. Muhammad Shah Rangeela
B. Farrukhsiyar
C. Shah Alam II
D. Ahmad Shah Bahadur
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
During the reign of Muhammad Shah (1719-1748), Nadir Shah of Persia invaded India in 1739, sacked Delhi, and took away the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-Noor diamond.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #937
Ahmad Shah Abdali invaded India several times. At which battle did he defeat the Marathas decisively?
A. Battle of Buxar
B. Battle of Plassey
C. Battle of Karnal
D. Third Battle of Panipat
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani) inflicted a crushing defeat on the Marathas in the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, leading to a power vacuum in North India.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #938
Who was the first Nawab of Awadh who established an independent state in 1722?
A. Shuja-ud-Daula
B. Wajid Ali Shah
C. Asaf-ud-Daula
D. Saadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Saadat Khan, appointed governor of Awadh in 1722, founded the independent kingdom of Awadh. He was succeeded by his nephew Safdar Jung.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #939
Murshid Quli Khan transferred the capital of Bengal from Dhaka to which city in 1703?
A. Calcutta
B. Patna
C. Murshidabad
D. Burdwan
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Murshid Quli Khan, the first Nawab of Bengal, shifted the capital from Dhaka to Murshidabad (named after him) around 1703.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #940
Which Sikh Guru founded the Khalsa in 1699?
A. Guru Gobind Singh
B. Guru Nanak
C. Guru Tegh Bahadur
D. Guru Arjan Dev
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, founded the Khalsa on the day of Baisakhi in 1699 at Anandpur Sahib, giving the Sikhs a distinct identity.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India

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