Modern History of India MCQs

History GK

Modern History of India MCQs

Practice Modern History of India MCQs with answers and detailed explanations covering the advent of Europeans, British rule in India, Governor-Generals and Viceroys, socio-religious reform movements, Revolt of 1857, Indian National Congress, freedom struggle, constitutional developments, important sessions, revolutionary movements, Gandhian era, partition of India and independence. These questions are designed for SSC, Railway, Banking, UPSC, JKSSB, Police, Defence, Teaching and other competitive examinations.

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Practice Questions

Page 48 of 108
Question #941
Who was the Afghan ruler of Bengal who captured Calcutta in 1756 and caused the 'Black Hole' incident?
A. Mir Qasim
B. Siraj-ud-Daulah
C. Alivardi Khan
D. Mir Jafar
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Siraj-ud-Daulah, the young Nawab of Bengal, attacked and captured Calcutta in June 1756, and the alleged suffocation of British prisoners in a small cell became known as the 'Black Hole of Calcutta'.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #942
The Treaty of Alinagar (1757) was signed between the English and which Nawab?
A. Alivardi Khan
B. Mir Qasim
C. Mir Jafar
D. Siraj-ud-Daulah
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
After Clive recaptured Calcutta in early 1757, the Treaty of Alinagar was signed with Siraj-ud-Daulah, restoring the Company's privileges and allowing fortifications.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #943
Who replaced Mir Jafar as the Nawab of Bengal after the Battle of Buxar?
A. Saadat Khan
B. Siraj-ud-Daulah
C. Najm-ud-Daula
D. Mir Qasim
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
After the Battle of Buxar and the death of Mir Jafar in 1765, the Company placed his minor son Najm-ud-Daula as the puppet Nawab under a reduced allowance.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #944
The 'Dual System' in Bengal was abolished by which Governor-General in 1772?
A. John Shore
B. Warren Hastings
C. Lord Cornwallis
D. Robert Clive
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Warren Hastings abolished the Dual System of administration introduced by Clive, under which the Company collected revenue but the Nawab administered. He took over the direct administration of Bengal.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #945
The 'Regulating Act of 1773' was passed to regulate the affairs of which company?
A. Dutch East India Company
B. Danish East India Company
C. English East India Company
D. French East India Company
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first significant act passed by the British Parliament to control the administration and trade of the English East India Company in India.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #946
Under the Regulating Act of 1773, a Supreme Court was established at which location?
A. Delhi
B. Calcutta
C. Bombay
D. Madras
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Regulating Act established a Supreme Court at Fort William, Calcutta, in 1774. Sir Elijah Impey was its first Chief Justice.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #947
Which act is known as the 'Act of Settlement' and reduced the number of members in the Governor-General's Council?
A. Amending Act of 1781
B. Pitt's India Act, 1784
C. Charter Act of 1793
D. Regulating Act, 1773
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Amending Act of 1781, also called the Act of Settlement, rectified the defects of the Regulating Act by limiting the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and exempting the Governor-General and Council from its purview for official actions.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #948
The Rohilla War (1774) was fought during the tenure of which Governor-General?
A. Warren Hastings
B. Lord Cornwallis
C. Robert Clive
D. Lord Wellesley
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Warren Hastings lent British troops to the Nawab of Awadh to crush the Rohillas, a Pathan tribe, and received a large sum of money. The Rohilla War was highly controversial.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #949
The 'Nand Kumar Case' (1775) involved a dispute between which two individuals?
A. Clive and Mir Jafar
B. Hastings and Clive
C. Hastings and Nand Kumar
D. Hastings and Impey
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Maharaja Nand Kumar accused Warren Hastings of corruption, but Nand Kumar was later tried and hanged for forgery by the Supreme Court under Sir Elijah Impey, leading to allegations of judicial murder.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #950
The 'Asiatic Society of Bengal' was founded by Sir William Jones in which year?
A. 1784
B. 1790
C. 1772
D. 1776
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Sir William Jones, a British scholar and judge, founded the Asiatic Society in Calcutta in 1784 to promote the study of Indian languages, history, and culture.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #951
The 'Code of Cornwallis' (1793) is associated with which reform?
A. Revenue reform
B. Military reform
C. Educational reform
D. Judicial reforms
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lord Cornwallis introduced major judicial reforms through the Cornwallis Code of 1793, separating revenue collection from judicial functions and establishing a hierarchy of civil and criminal courts.
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Question #952
The 'Mahalwari System' of land revenue was introduced by which British official?
A. John Lawrence
B. Thomas Munro
C. Holt Mackenzie
D. Charles Metcalfe
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Holt Mackenzie, as the Secretary to the Board of Revenue, formulated the Mahalwari system in 1822, where the village community (mahal) was collectively responsible for revenue payment.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #953
The 'Charter Act of 1813' specifically provided a sum of how many rupees for the promotion of education in India?
A. 10 lakh rupees
B. 50,000 rupees
C. 5 lakh rupees
D. 1 lakh rupees
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Charter Act of 1813 directed the Company to spend one lakh rupees annually for the revival and improvement of literature and the promotion of knowledge of sciences among the inhabitants.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #954
The 'Anglo-Nepal War' (1814-1816) ended with which treaty?
A. Treaty of Allahabad
B. Treaty of Sugauli
C. Treaty of Lahore
D. Treaty of Yandabo
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The Anglo-Nepal War ended with the Treaty of Sugauli in 1816, under which Nepal ceded territories and agreed to have a British Resident in Kathmandu.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #955
The 'First Anglo-Burmese War' (1824-1826) concluded with which treaty?
A. Treaty of Yandabo
B. Treaty of Sugauli
C. Treaty of Purandar
D. Treaty of Amritsar
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The First Anglo-Burmese War ended with the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826, whereby Burma ceded Assam, Manipur, Arakan, and Tenasserim to the British.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #956
Who was the Governor-General when the 'Thuggee and Dacoity Suppression' was started?
A. Lord William Bentinck
B. Lord Auckland
C. Lord Hardinge
D. Lord Dalhousie
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lord William Bentinck initiated the suppression of the Thuggee system, and Colonel Sir William Henry Sleeman was appointed to eliminate the Thugs in the 1830s.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #957
The 'Macaulay's Minute' on education was presented in which year?
A. 1882
B. 1835
C. 1854
D. 1829
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Lord Macaulay presented his famous Minute on Education on 2 February 1835, advocating for English as the medium of higher education and promoting Western literature and science.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #958
The 'Abolition of Slavery' in British India was enacted under which Governor-General?
A. Lord Bentinck
B. Lord Dalhousie
C. Lord Ellenborough
D. Lord Auckland
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lord William Bentinck abolished slavery in India through the Indian Slavery Act, 1843, declaring it illegal to buy, sell, or hold slaves.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #959
The 'First Afghan War' (1839-1842) was a major disaster during the Governor-Generalship of?
A. Lord Auckland
B. Lord Hardinge
C. Lord Bentinck
D. Lord Ellenborough
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Lord Auckland was the Governor-General when the First Anglo-Afghan War was fought. The British invasion ended in a catastrophic retreat, and Auckland was recalled.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #960
Which Governor-General is known for bringing back the gates of Somnath Temple from Afghanistan?
A. Lord Dalhousie
B. Lord Canning
C. Lord Ellenborough
D. Lord Hardinge
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lord Ellenborough, as Governor-General, ordered the return of the sandalwood gates from Ghazni, believed to be from the Somnath temple, after the British victory in Afghanistan in 1842.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India

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