Explanation:
The cranium (skull) is composed of several bones fused together, encasing and protecting the brain. Vertebrae protect the spinal cord, sternum protects the heart and lungs anteriorly, pelvis supports abdominal organs and connects to legs. The cranium also provides attachment for muscles.
Explanation:
Spermatogenesis is the production of haploid spermatozoa from diploid spermatogonia in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. Oogenesis is egg production, gametogenesis is the general term for both, fertilization is fusion.
Explanation:
Reptiles generally have a three-chambered heart with two atria and one partially divided ventricle; crocodiles are an exception with a four-chambered heart. Amphibians have a three-chambered heart with two atria and one undivided ventricle. Mammals and birds have four-chambered hearts. This adaptation reflects their metabolic demands and evolutionary advancement.
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