Fission: heavy nucleus (e.g., U-235) splits into smaller nuclei plus neutrons and energy. Fusion: light nuclei combine (e.g., hydrogen to helium). Both release energy. Fission used in reactors and bombs.
Explanation:
According to Coulomb's Law, the electrostatic force (F) between two point charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r) between them (F ∝ 1/r²). If the distance is doubled (r becomes 2r), the new force F' ∝ 1/(2r)² = 1/4r². Thus, the force becomes one-fourth of its original value.
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