Polarization requires transverse waves. Sound in air is longitudinal (oscillations ∥ propagation) ⇒ cannot be polarized. EM waves (light, radio, X-rays) are transverse ⇒ can be polarized. Memory tip: 'Polarization ⇒ transverse only; sound = longitudinal ⇒ no polarization'. Wave property frequently tested in competitive exams.
Explanation:
LED (Light Emitting Diode) emits light when forward biased, due to recombination of electrons and holes. Efficient, long life. Used in displays, lighting. Laser is Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Explanation:
Gravity, electrostatic, magnetic forces act without direct contact. Friction, tension, normal require contact. Field forces are non-contact.
Explanation:
Newton's First Law states that a body at rest stays at rest, and a body in motion stays in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force. This inherent property of matter to resist any change in its state of rest or motion is called inertia, hence it is known as the Law of Inertia.
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