Na₂CO₃ is formed from NaOH (strong base) and H₂CO₃ (weak acid). Its aqueous solution is basic due to hydrolysis: CO₃²⁻ + H₂O ⇌ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻. Strong acid + strong base salts are neutral (NaCl).
Explanation:
Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process in the nitrogen cycle. First, ammonia (NH3) is oxidized to nitrites (NO2-) by bacteria like Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus. In the second step, nitrites are oxidized to nitrates (NO3-) by Nitrobacter. Rhizobium fixes nitrogen, and Azotobacter is a free-living nitrogen fixer.
Explanation:
White phosphorus exists as P₄ tetrahedral molecules, containing 4 phosphorus atoms. So atomicity is 4. Sulfur is S₈, oxygen is O₂, ozone O₃. Atomicity is the number of atoms in a molecule of an element. Phosphorus is a non-metal. Red phosphorus is polymeric but P₄ is the common molecular form.
Explanation:
Single superphosphate (SSP) is a phosphorus fertilizer, a mixture of monocalcium phosphate and gypsum, produced by treating rock phosphate with sulfuric acid: Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 2H₂SO₄ → Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ + 2CaSO₄. Urea and ammonium nitrate are nitrogenous fertilizers. Potassium chloride is a potash fertilizer. Phosphorus promotes root development and flowering.
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