Statement: My umbrella is black. Conclusions: I. All umbrellas are black. II. Some black things are umbrellas.
A. Only I follows
B. Neither I nor II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only II follows
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
I does not follow from a single case. II follows because if my umbrella is black, then there exists at least one black thing that is an umbrella, so 'some black things are umbrellas' is true.
Statements:
1. Some papers are files.
2. Some files are folders.
Conclusions:
I. Some papers are folders.
II. All folders are papers.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
A 'some' relationship does not chain logically. There is no direct link established between papers and folders. Therefore, neither conclusion can be logically deduced.
Explanation:
I is an invalid conversion. II: 'some are red' does not imply some are not red; it's possible all roses are red but the statement only says some. So neither follows.
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