Statements: 1. Some pens are not pencils. 2. All pencils are markers. Conclusions: I. Some pens are not markers. II. Some markers are pencils. Which conclusion(s) logically follow? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Statements:
1. Some pens are not pencils.
2. All pencils are markers.
Conclusions:
I. Some pens are not markers.
II. Some markers are pencils.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion II follows
B. Both I and II follow
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Only conclusion I follows
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Even if some pens are not pencils, those pens could still be markers (because the marker category is larger than the pencil category). Thus, I does not follow. Since all pencils are markers, some markers are definitely pencils (II follows).
Statements:
1. All squares are rectangles.
2. All rectangles are polygons.
Conclusions:
I. All squares are polygons.
II. Some polygons are squares.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
A -> B and B -> C means A -> C. Therefore, all squares are polygons (Conclusion I). Since all squares are polygons, it implies that at least some polygons (those specific squares) are squares (Conclusion II).
Explanation:
Vegetarian definition may vary; typically no meat. Some vegetarians eat eggs, but it's not universal, so I does not necessarily follow. II does follow (no meat).
Statements:
1. All rivers are lakes.
2. All lakes are oceans.
Conclusions:
I. Some oceans are rivers.
II. No ocean is a river.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
Because rivers -> lakes -> oceans, all rivers are oceans. If all rivers are oceans, then some oceans must be rivers. Therefore, Conclusion I is definitely true and Conclusion II is definitely false.
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