Terylene is a synthetic fiber belonging to the polyester family. Chemically, it is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), formed by the condensation polymerization of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. It is widely used in textiles, plastic bottles, and recording tapes.
Explanation:
Temporary hardness is due to dissolved bicarbonates of Ca and Mg, which can be removed by boiling: Ca(HCO₃)₂ → CaCO₃↓ + H₂O + CO₂. Permanent hardness is caused by chlorides and sulfates of Ca and Mg, not removed by boiling. Sodium bicarbonate does not cause hardness. Methods to remove permanent hardness include treatment with washing soda (Na₂CO₃), ion exchange, or calgon.
Explanation:
Cathode is where reduction takes place (gain of electrons). In electrolytic cells, cathode is negative (connected to negative terminal of battery). Cations migrate to cathode and are reduced.
Explanation:
Atomic number (Z) is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the identity of the element. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals Z. Mass number = protons + neutrons.
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